LUNG CANCER

CALCIUM D-GLUCURATE
(1 microgram = 0.001 milligrams)
Animal study with human cells

1. Treatment of lung cancer cells with calcium d-glucurate (100 micrograms per milliliter) prevented metastasis of the cells.

Anticancer Drugs. 1998 Sep;9(8):739-41. 
ND-2001 suppresses lung metastasis of human renal cancer cells in athymic mice.
Kuramitsu Y, Hamada J, Tsuruoka T, Morikawa K, Naito S, Kobayashi H, Hosokawa M.

ELLAGIC ACID
(1 micromolecule = one-thousandth of a gram-molecule)
Animal Study

2. Doses of ellagic acid (0.2 and 2.0 micromoles per kilogram body weight) prevented the development of lung tumors in mice exposed to cigarette smoke.

Ann N Y Acad Sci 1993 May 28;686:177-85
Pulmonary carcinogenesis and its prevention by dietary polyphenolic compounds.
Castonguay A

GREEN TEA
Animal Study

3. Administration of green tea (2% solution) to mice reduced the number of tumors developing in mice exposed to tobacco products.

Cancer Res. 1992 Jul 15;52(14):3875-9.  

Inhibition of tobacco-specific nitrosamine-induced lung tumorigenesis in A/J mice by green tea and its major polyphenol as antioxidants.

Xu Y, Ho CT, Amin SG, Han C, Chung FL.

MILK THISTLE/SILYMARIN
Animal study with human cells

4. Human lung cancer cells treated with silibinin (25, 50 and 100 micromoles) inhibited cell growth and increased cell death in lung tumors.

Anticancer Res. 2003 May-Jun;23(3B):2649-55. 
Silibinin induces growth inhibition and apoptotic cell death in human lung carcinoma cells.
Sharma G, Singh RP, Chan DC, Agarwal R.

N-acetyl L-cysteine (NAC)
(1 micromole = one-thousandth of a gram-molecule)
Animal Study

5. Treatment with N-acetyl-cysteine (NAC) (1000 mg per kilogram body weight)
and its 2-amino-2-thiazoline salt (NACAT) (100 mg per kilogram body weight) were both
effective in limiting the development of induced lung tumors in mice compared to controls.

Acta Biol Hung. 2002;53(3):293-8. 
N-acetil-l-cysteine and 2-amino-2-thiiazoline N-acetyl-l-cysteinate as a possible cancer chemopreventive agents in murine models.
Simkeviciene V, Straukas J, Uleckiene S.

Animal Study

6. Treatment with N-acetyl-cysteine for 8 weeks (1 or 3 micromoles per
gram body weight) reduced the generation of lung tumors in mice exposed to carcinogens. The rate of reduction increased as the duration of treatment increased.

Carcinogenesis. 2002 Sep;23(9):1455-61. 
Inhibition of lung tumorigenesis in A/J mice by N-acetyl-S-(N-2-phenethylthiocarbamoyl)
-L-cysteine and myo-inositol, individually and in combination.
Hecht SS, Upadhyaya P, Wang M, Bliss RL, McIntee EJ, Kenney PM.

7. Daily doses of N-acetyl-cysteine (600 mg) may be effective in preventing lung cancer tumors and be preventative of other types of cancer as well.

Nico Chest May 1995;107(5):1437-1441
"N-Acetylcysteine for Lung Cancer Prevention"
van Zandwijk N

Animal Study

8. Daily doses of N-acetyl-cysteine (200 mg) for 10 weeks protected rats that were subjected to cigarette smoke compared to the control group, which had thickening in airways.

Eur Respir J. 2000 Mar;15(3):505-11. 
N-acetylcysteine prevents cigarette smoke induced small airways alterations in rats.
Rubio ML, Sanchez-Cifuentes MV, Ortega M, Peces-Barba G, Escolar JD, Verbanck S,
Paiva M, Gonzalez Mangado N.

SELENIUM

9. Daily doses of selenium (0.02 mg/day in enriched yeast) reduced the risk of total deaths from cancer (including colorectal, lung and prostate) in this 7-year study.

Med Klin. 1997 Sep 15;92 Suppl 3:42-5. 
Reduction of cancer mortality and incidence by selenium supplementation.
Combs GF Jr, Clark LC, Turnbull BW.
PMID: 9342915