ISCHEMIC REPERFUSION INJURY
Calcium
(1 micromole = one-thousandth of a gram-molecule)
Animal study
1. Perfusion with calcium (1.3 or 2.3 micromoles per liter) protected rat hearts from arrhythmia.
Jpn J Physiol. 2000 Apr;50(2):20713.
Involvement of Ca(2+) in antiarrhythmic effect of preconditioning in isolated rat heart.
Hong K, Kusano KF, Morita H, Fujimoto Y, Nakamura K, Yamanari H, Ohe T.
PMID 10880877
Cell Study
2. Calcium (3.0 micromoles per liter) was administered to human heart tissue prior to reperfusion, which prevented ischemic reperfusion injury.
Ann Thorac Surg. 1998 Apr;65(4):106570.
Calcium preconditioning in human myocardium.
Cain BS, Meldrum DR, Meng X, Shames BD, Banerjee A, Harken AH.
PMID 9564929
COENZYME Q10
Animal study
3. Treatment with coenzyme Q10 (10 mg per kilogram body weight) reduced lactic acidosis in rat brain and can potentially prevent ischemic injury in humans.
Neurol Neurochir Pol. 1998 Nov-Dec;32(6):1397-404.
[The effect of coenzyme Q10 on lactate acidosis at the beginning of experimental cerebral ischemia in rats after the use of endothelin 1 (preliminary results)]
[Article in Polish]
Piotrowski P, Ostrowski RP, Pankowska T, Smialek M.
PMID: 10358830
N-acetyl L-cysteine (NAC)
Animal study
4. Treatment with N-acetylcysteine (150 mg per kilogram body weight) prior to ischemia and reperfusion protected rat kidneys against oxidative damage and reperfusion injury.
J Nephrol. 2003 Jan-Feb;16(1):75-80.
Protective effect of N-acetylcysteine on renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in the rat.
Sehirli AO, Sener G, Satiroglu H, Ayanoglu-Dulger G.
5. Treatment with N-acetylcysteine (150 mg per kilogram body weight) reduced ischemia/reperfusion injury during orthotopic liver transplant in humans.
Clin Exp Immunol. 2001 May;124(2):337-41
N-Acetylcysteine induces shedding of selectins from liver and intestine during orthotopic liver transplantation.
Taut FJ, Schmidt H, Zapletal CM, Thies JC, Grube C, Motsch J, Klar E, Martin E.
QUERCETIN
Animal Study
6. Treatment with quercetin (0.033 mg per kilogram body weight per day) for 4 days protected cardiac function in rats undergoing ischemic reperfusion.
Free Radic Biol Med. 2002 Jun 1;32(11):1220-8.
Mitochondrial function in response to cardiac ischemia-reperfusion after oral treatment with quercetin.
Brookes PS, Digerness SB, Parks DA, Darley-Usmar V.
SELENIUM
(1 microgram = 0.001 milligrams)
Animal Study
7. A diet supplemented with selenium (1.5 mg per kilogram diet) protected rats from ischemic reperfusion injury.
J Trace Elem Med Biol. 1998 Mar;12(1):28-38.
Trace elements and cardioprotection: increasing endogenous glutathione peroxidase activity by oral selenium supplementation in rats limits reperfusion-induced arrhythmias.
Tanguy S, Boucher F, Besse S, Ducros V, Favier A, de Leiris J.
PMID: 9638610
Animal Study
8. A diet supplemented with selenium (2500 micrograms per kilogram diet) protected rat hearts from toxicity from adriamycin treatment during ischemia/reperfusion.
Nutrition. 1995 Sep-Oct;11(5 Suppl):708-11.
Oral selenium supplementation in rats reduces cardiac toxicity of adriamycin during ischemia and reperfusion.
Boucher F, Coudray C, Tirard V, Barandier C, Tresallet N, Favier A, de Leiris J.
PMID: 8748259
SUPEROXIDE DISMUTASE
Animal Study
9. Intravenous superoxide dismutase (5000 IU per kilogram body weight) was given to rats before vascular occlusion and with reperfusion, which protected from ischemia/reperfusion injury.
Crit Care. 1999;3(5):127-30. Epub 1999 Sep 23.
Polyethylene glycol-superoxide dismutase inhibits lipid peroxidation in hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury.
Nguyen WD, Kim DH, Alam HB, Provido HS, Kirkpatrick JR.
PMID: 11056736
TAURINE
Animal Study
10. Treatment with taurine (10 micromoles) protects rat hearts from arrhythmias caused by reperfusion compared to those not receiving taurine.
Arzneimittelforschung 1998 Apr;48(4):360-4
Protective effects of taurine against reperfusion-induced arrhythmias in isolated ischemic rat heart.
Chahine R, Feng J
VITAMIN E/TOCOTRIENOL
Animal Study
11. A diet supplemented with vitamin E (1000 IU per kilogram body weight) protected rabbits against contractile dysfunction following the implant of a bladder obstruction.
J Urol. 2001 Jul;166(1):341-6.
Protective effect of vitamin E on the response of the rabbit bladder to partial outlet obstruction.
Parekh MH, Lobel R, O'Connor LJ, Leggett RE, Levin RM.
PMID: 11435897
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