HIV/AIDS
N-acetyl L-cysteine (NAC)
1. Supplementation with N-acetylcysteine (600 mg/day for 180 days) stabilized
the hemocrit count and increased CD4 count earlier than the placebo group.
Clin Chem Lab Med. 2002 May;40(5):452-5.
The effect of N-acetylcysteine supplementation upon viral load, CD4, CD8, total
lymphocyte count and hematocrit in individuals undergoing antiretroviral treatment.
Spada C, Treitinger A, Reis M, Masokawa IY, Verdi JC, Luiz MC, Silveira MV,
Michelon CM, Avila-Junior S, Gil DO, Ostrowskyl S.
2. Compared to placebo, supplementation with N-acetylcysteine (800 mg/day for 4 months) normalized plasma cysteine levels and slowed the decline of the CD4+ lymphocyte count.
Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1996;50(6):457-61.
Effect of N-acetylcysteine(NAC) treatment on HIV-1 infection: a double-blind
placebo-controlled trial.
Akerlund B, Jarstrand C, Lindeke B, Sonnerborg A, Akerblad AC, Rasool O.
Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge Hospital,
Sweden.
SELENIUM
Animal Study
3. A diet supplemented with selenium (0.933 mg per kilogram of diet/day) increased survival in retrovirus and CVB3-infected mice and reduced liver lipid peroxides in mice infected with AIDS.
Cardiovasc Toxicol. 2002;2(1):53-61.
Selenium supplementation decreases coxsackievirus heart disease during murine AIDS.
Sepulveda RT, Zhang J, Watson RR.
PMID: 12189280
VITAMIN B1/THIAMINE
4. Intravenous treatment with thiamine (100 mg) for 3 months reversed severe lactic acidosis in a patient with HIV complications.
Int J STD AIDS. 2001 Jun;12(6):407-9.
Severe lactic acidosis and thiamine administration in an HIV-infected patient on HAART.
Arici C, Tebaldi A, Quinzan GP, Maggiolo F, Ripamonti D, Suter F.
Cell Study
(1 mmol = one-thousandth of a gram-molecule)
5. A solution of thiamine disulfide (500 micromoles) blocked HIV production in a cell culture.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1994 Nov 30;205(1):967-75.
Thiamine disulfide as a potent inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus (type-1) production.
Shoji S, Furuishi K, Misumi S, Miyazaki T, Kino M, Yamataka K.
PMID: 7999140
RIBOFLAVIN/VITAMIN B2
6. Treatment with riboflavin (50 mg/day) reversed type B lactic acidosis in HIV patients.
AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2001 Dec;15(12):611-4.
Emerging role of riboflavin in the treatment of nucleoside analogue-induced type B lactic acidosis.
Dalton SD, Rahimi AR.
PMID: 11788075
VITAMIN B12/COBALAMIN
(1 microgram = 0.001 milligrams)
7. Doses of vitamin B12 (1000 micrograms nasal gel or injection 2 – 7 times/week) can help prevent diminished cognitive function in HIV patients. This dose can be combined with folic acid (5,000 to 10,000 micrograms/day).
GMHC Treat Issues. 1997 Sep;11(9):9.
Vitamin B12 and cognitive impairment.
Huff A.
PMID: 11364753
VITAMIN C
8. Antioxidant treatment with beta-carotene, (5450 IU), vitamin C (250 mg), vitamin E 100 IU), selenium (100 micrograms) and coenzyme Q10, (50 mg) significantly improved oxidative defense in HIV patients. Higher antioxidant doses provided no additional benefit.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2001 Feb;55(2):107-14.
A preliminary open label dose comparison using an antioxidant regimen to determine the effect on viral load and oxidative stress in men with HIV/AIDS.
Batterham M, Gold J, Naidoo D, Lux O, Sadler S, Bridle S, Ewing M, Oliver C.
PMID: 11305623
ZINC
9. Doses of zinc (45 mg twice/day for 1 month) protected HIV patients against opportunistic infections.
J Nutr. 2000 May;130(5S Suppl):1424S-31S.
Therapeutic application of zinc in human immunodeficiency virus against opportunistic infections.
Mocchegiani E, Muzzioli M.
PMID: 10801955
10. Doses of zinc (200 mg/day for 30 days) increased or stabilized weight in stage III and IV AIDS patients, and lowered the incidence of opportunistic infections compared to the control group.
Int J Immunopharmacol. 1995 Sep;17(9):719-27.
Benefit of oral zinc supplementation as an adjunct to zidovudine (AZT) therapy against opportunistic infections in AIDS.
Mocchegiani E, Veccia S, Ancarani F, Scalise G, Fabris N.
PMID: 8582783
11. Doses of zinc (125 mg/twice/day for 3 weeks) increased CD8 cells in patients with Aids Related Complex.
Biomed Pharmacother. 1986;40(10):383-5.
A phase II trial of immunorestoration with zinc gluconate in immunodepressed cancer patients.
Mathe G, Misset JL, Gil-Delgado M, Musset M, Reizenstein P, Canon C.
PMID: 3495300 |
