BRAIN TUMORS
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Phase II trial of indicine N-oxide in relapsed pediatric solid tumors.
A report from the Childrens Cancer Study Group.
Miser JS; Smithson WA; Krivit W; Hughes C; Davis D; Krailo M; Hammond D.
Invest New Drugs, 9(4):339-42 1991 Nov.This study reports the results of a trial were a new drug, indicine N-oxide, was investigated on 46 children with malignant solid tumors. While no tumor responses were observed, one third of children experienced liver toxicity. Since use of this drug resulted in an unacceptably high incidence of severe and irreversible liver damage, the authors recommend no further testing of the compound in children with cancer.
A phase II study of every other day high-dose ifosfamide in pediatric brain tumors
A Pediatric Oncology Group Study.
Heideman RL; et al.
J Neurooncol, 25(1):77-84 1995.This study reports on the results of a trial evaluating the effects of the anti-cancer drug ifosfamide on 87 children with recurrent brain cancer. Rates of tumor responses were very modest and disease progression was not halted in any meaningful way. Death from treatment-related sepsis occurred in 3 out of the 71 children available for evaluation.
A phase II study of diaziquone in children with recurrent or progressive primary brain tumors
A report from the Childrens Cancer Study Group.
Ettinger LJ; Ru N; Krailo M; Ruccione KS; Krivit W; Hammond GD.
J Neurooncol, 9(1):69-76 1990 Aug.
The results of this study show that the drug aziridinylbenzoquinone (AZQ; Diaziquone), tested on 75 children with advanced brain tumor, has minimal activity on tumor progression and is associated with severe toxicity.
Dexamethasone increases hepatotoxicity of MTX in children with brain tumors.
Wolff JE; Hauch H; Kšuhl J; Egeler RM; Jšurgens H.
Anticancer Res, 18(4B):2895-9 1998 Jul-Aug.Normally, children with brain tumor treated with the anticancer drug methotrexate receive in addition the steroid drug dexamethasone to reduce toxicity induced by the anticancer treatment. This study shows that dexamethasone does not prevent any treatment-related toxicity but actually adds further toxicity by causing liver damage. The authors conclude that dexamethasone can be eliminated from treatment regimens utilizing high-doses methotrexate in children.
Feasibility of sequential high-dose chemotherapy and peripheral blood stem cell support for pediatric central nervous system malignancies.
Jakacki RI; Jamison C; Heifetz SA; Caldemeyer K; Hanna M; Sender L.
Med Pediatr Oncol, 29(6):553-9 1997 Dec.In this study 10 children with newly diagnosed or recurrent brain cancer were treated with high-doses, single agent chemotherapy, supported by autologous stem cell transplant. The procedure consists of removing the stem (progenitor) cells from the patient's bone marrow or blood, delivering high doses chemotherapy, and re-injecting the stem cells back to the patient. Three patients (30%) died of treatment-related sepsis. Partial tumor response was observed in 2 patients. Surprisingly, the authors concluded that the procedure is feasible in this patient population.
Hearing loss in children with brain tumors treated with cisplatin and carboplatin-based high-dose chemotherapy with autologous bone marrow rescue.
Freilich RJ; Kraus DH; Budnick AS; Bayer LA; Finlay JL.
Med Pediatr Oncol, 26(2):95-100 1996 Feb.The results of this study show that partial hearing loss occurred in 7 of 11 children with newly diagnosed brain tumor who were treated with high-dose combination chemotherapy. Three children subsequently required hearing aids.
Ototoxicity in children with malignant brain tumors treated with the "8 in 1" chemotherapy protocol.
Ilveskoski I; et al.
Med Pediatr Oncol, 27(1):26-31 1996 Jul.This study evaluated the incidence of hearing damage in children with brain tumor treated with the "8 in 1" chemotherapy protocol. Of 82 children treated, only 30 survived for at least one year after diagnosis. Of these 30 children, 7 developed partial hearing loss, and 6 developed severe hearing loss (where they could not hear frequencies in the speech range). Severe hearing loss occurred in 50% of children of young age and impaired kidney function treated with high doses of cisplatin.
Intra-arterial cisplatin for the treatment of malignant gliomas.
Newton HB; Page MA; Junck L; Greenberg HS.
J Neurooncol, 7(1):39-45 1989 May.In this study 12 children with brain tumor were treated with intra-arterial administration of cisplatin (DDP). Partial tumor shrinkage was observed in one patient only. The remaining 11 patients had progressive disease and significant treatment-related toxicity. In particular, 4 patients developed convulsions, 4 patients experienced weakness and/or loss of the power to use or comprehend words, two patients went into coma, and two had visual deterioration.
Phase II study of phenylacetate in patients with recurrent malignant glioma
A North American Brain Tumor Consortium report.
Chang SM; et al.
J Clin Oncol, 17(3):984-90 1999 Mar.This study was conducted on 43 adult patients with malignant glioma (a type of brain tumor) treated with phenylacetate. Treatment failure within 2 months was observed in 75% of patients, in 17.5% of patients disease remained stable, and in 7.5% of them a partial tumor response, defined as a 50% tumor reduction, was observed. These data indicate that phenylacetate has minimal activity in this type of brain cancer.
Randomized trial of three chemotherapy regimens and two radiotherapy regimens and two radiotherapy regimens in postoperative treatment of malignant glioma.
Brain Tumor Cooperative Group Trial 8001.
Shapiro WR; et al.
J Neurosurg, 71(1):1-9 1989 Jul.The results of this study, conducted on 571 adult patients with glioma (a type of brain tumor) shows that multiple agent chemotherapy is not superior to single agent chemotherapy in the management of this type of cancer.
Neuropsychological status of children treated for brain tumors: a critical review and integrative analysis.
Mulhern RK; Hancock J; Fairclough D; Kun L.
Med Pediatr Oncol, 20(3):181-91 1992.The results of this study show that older children who underwent local or cranial irradiation for brain tumor have 12-14 points lower IQ levels, compared to children of same age who were not irradiated. IQ levels dropped by a further 14 points in children who received whole brain irradiation at a young age.
Cognitive and academic outcome following cranial irradiation and chemotherapy in children: a longitudinal study.
Anderson VA, Godber T, Smibert E, Weiskop S, Ekert H.
Br J Cancer 2000 Jan;82(2):255-62.The results of this study show that children with cancer who were treated with cranial irradiation in addition to chemotherapy in the first five years of age, achieved significantly poorer cognitive and academic outcomes in the following years, compared to those who received chemotherapy only, or who received no treatment. Neurobehavioral deficits observed in the 2 years following treatment were maintained when children where evaluated 3 or more years after treatment, and a further deterioration of non-verbal and information processing skills was observed.
