CYANIDE POISONING

VITAMIN B12/COBALAMIN
(1 gram = 1000 milligrams)

1. Treatment with cobalamin (4 grams) and sodium hyposulfite (8000 mg) improved symptoms of cyanide poisoning (2500 mg cyanide).

Ann Fr Anesth Reanim. 1990;9(4):383-5. 
[Potassium cyanide poisoning treated with hydroxocobalamin]
[Article in French]
Tassan H, Joyon D, Richard T, Lamaison D, Guelon D, Barakeh S.
PMID: 2400148

2. Treatment with cobalamin (4 grams) and sodium thiosulfite (3 grams) and sodium nitrite (2 doses of 300 mg) was an effective antidote to cyanide poisoning.

J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 2002;40(2):181-3. 
Acute cyanide intoxication treated with a combination of hydroxycobalamin, sodium nitrite, and sodium thiosulfate.
Mannaioni G, Vannacci A, Marzocca C, Zorn AM, Peruzzi S, Moroni F.
PMID: 12126191

3. One intravenous dose of cobalamin (5 grams) is a safe and effective antidote for cyanide poisoning in heavy smokers.

J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 1993;31(2):277-94. 
Hydroxocobalamin as a cyanide antidote: safety, efficacy and pharmacokinetics in heavily smoking normal volunteers.
Forsyth JC, Mueller PD, Becker CE, Osterloh J, Benowitz NL, Rumack BH, Hall AH.
PMID: 8492341

Animal Study

4. Treatment with cobalamin (100 mg per kilogram body weight) and thiosulfite (500 mg per kilogram body weight) was an effective antidote for cyanide poisoning in guinea pigs and cats.

Arch Toxicol. 1975 Feb 14;33(2):103-13. 
The efficiency of aquocobalamine as an antidote in cyanide poisoning when given alone or combined with sodium thiosulfate.
Friedberg KD, Shukla UR.
PMID: 1242295