CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE
VITAMIN C
(1 gram = 1000 milligrams)
1. A dose of vitamin C (1 gram) prevented platelet adhesion and aggregation after males ingested 75 grams of butter. In another study, coronary artery disease patients given vitamin C (1 gram every 8 hours for 10 days) significantly decreased platelet aggregation and adhesion. Vitamin C may be of value in chronic thromboatherosclerotic disease of the arteries.
Clin Cardiol. 1985 Oct;8(10):552-4.
Effect of vitamin C on platelet adhesiveness and platelet aggregation in coronary artery disease patients.
Bordia A, Verma SK.
2. Oxidative stress has been shown to damage endothelial function and contribute to atherosclerosis. Patients were given a single dose of vitamin C (2 grams) for 30 days, which improved flow mediated dilation of the artery. Patients given a long-term dose of vitamin C (500 mg/day) also showed improvement in endothelial function. Thus, long-term vitamin C supplementation may be beneficial to coronary artery disease patients.
Circulation. 1999 Jun 29;99(25):3234-40
Long-term ascorbic acid administration reverses endothelial vasomotor dysfunction in patients with coronary artery disease.
Gokce N, Keaney JF Jr, Frei B, Holbrook M, Olesiak M, Zachariah BJ, Leeuwenburgh C, Heinecke JW, Vita JA.
3. Patients with cardiovascular disease had an increase in fibrinolytic activity (dissolving fibrin and removing blood clots) after a dose of 1 gram ascorbic acid. When patients were given 1 gram ascorbic acid with 100 g of fat, there was a 64% increase in fibrinolytic activity.
Atherosclerosis. 1978 Aug;30(4):351-4.
Acute effect of ascorbic acid on fibrinolytic activity.
Bordia A, Paliwal DK, Jain K, Kothari LK.
4. Intravenous infusion with vitamin C (25 mg/minute) improved endothelial function in patients with coronary artery disease.
Am Heart J. 2003 Aug;146(2):280-5.
Improvement of peripheral endothelial dysfunction by acute vitamin C application: different effects in patients with coronary artery disease, ischemic, and dilated cardiomyopathy.
Erbs S, Gielen S, Linke A, Mobius-Winkler S, Adams V, Baither Y, Schuler G, Hambrecht R.
5. A single dose of oral vitamin C (2 grams) was more effective that the drug diltiazem as a vasodilator in smokers and non-smokers awaiting coronary artery disease surgery.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2003 Feb;125(2):330-5.
Is vitamin C superior to diltiazem for radial artery vasodilation in patients awaiting coronary artery bypass grafting?
Drossos GE, Toumpoulis IK, Katritsis DG, Ioannidis JP, Kontogiorgi P, Svarna E, Anagnostopoulos CE.
VITAMIN E/TOCOTRIENOL
6. High daily doses of antioxidants; vitamin E (800 IU), vitamin C (1000 mg) and beta-carotene (24 mg) reduces LDL oxidation in patients with cardiovascular disease.
J Am Coll Cardiol. 1997 Aug;30(2):392-9.
Antioxidant nutrient supplementation reduces the susceptibility of low density lipoprotein to oxidation in patients with coronary artery disease.
Mosca L, Rubenfire M, Mandel C, Rock C, Tarshis T, Tsai A, Pearson T.
PMID: 9247510
7. Doses of vitamin E (400 and 800 IU/day) reduced the risk of non fatal heart attack and coronary heart disease. Doses of 100 IU or less have no effect.
Curr Opin Cardiol. 1997 Mar;12(2):188-94.
The role of antioxidants in preventive cardiology.
Rimm EB, Stampfer MJ.
PMID: 9192489
FOLIC ACID
8. Treatment with folic acid (5 mg/day for 6 weeks) improved endothelial function and reduced homocysteine levels in patients with coronary artery disease.
Circulation. 2002 Jan 1;105(1):22-6.
Comment in:
Circulation. 2002 Aug 13;106(7):e33.
Folic acid improves endothelial function in coronary artery disease via mechanisms largely independent of homocysteine lowering.
Doshi SN, McDowell IF, Moat SJ, Payne N, Durrant HJ, Lewis MJ, Goodfellow J.
PMID: 11772871
9. Compared to placebo, treatment with folic acid (5 mg/day for 12 weeks) reduced homocysteine levels and improved endothelial function in patients with coronary artery disease.
J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001 Jun 1;37(7):1858-63.
A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of the effect of homocysteine-lowering therapy with folic acid on endothelial function in patients with coronary artery disease.
Thambyrajah J, Landray MJ, Jones HJ, McGlynnFJ, Wheeler DC, Townend JN.
PMID: 11401123 |
