ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE
CARNOSINE
(1 microgram = 0.001 milligrams)
Animal Study
1. Cell damage, which occurs in Alzheimer’s, was prevented completely with carnosine (200 micrograms per milliliter A beta) and partially with carnosine (300 micrograms per milliliter A beta) in rat brain cells.
Neurosci Lett 1998 Feb 13;242(2):105-8
Toxic effects of beta-amyloid(25-35) on immortalised rat brain endothelial cell protection by carnosine, homocarnosine and beta-alanine.
Preston JE, Hipkiss AR, Himsworth DT, Romero IA, Abbott JN.
CDP CHOLINE
2. Daily treatment with CDP choline (1000 mg/day) significantly improved the measured cognition and cerebrovascular functioning in Alzheimer’s patients.
Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 1994 Apr;16(3):2118.
Effects of CDPcholine on cognition and cerebral hemodynamics in patients with Alzheimer's disease.
Caamano J, Gomez MJ, Franco A, Cacabelos R.
3. Daily treatment with CDP choline (1000 mg/day) improved cognitive functioning, bioelectrical activity, and blood flow in the brain of Alzheimer’s patients with mild dementia compared to those receiving placebo.
Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 1999 Nov;21(9):63344.
Double-blind placebo-controlled study with citicoline in APOE genotyped Alzheimer's disease patients. Effects on cognitive performance, brain bioelectrical activity and cerebral perfusion.
Alvarez XA, Mouzo R, Pichel V, Perez P, Laredo M, FernandezNovoa L, Corzo L, Zas R, Alcaraz M, Secades JJ, Lozano R, Cacabelos R.
4. Daily treatment with CDP choline (1000 mg/day) improved cognitive functioning, bioelectrical activity, and blood flow in the brain of Alzheimer’s patients.
Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1996 Jan 17;777:399403.
Therapeutic effects of CDPcholine in Alzheimer's disease. Cognition, brain mapping, cerebrovascular hemodynamics, and immune factors.
Cacabelos R, Caamano J, Gomez MJ, FernandezNovoa L, FrancoMaside A, Alvarez XA.
5. Daily treatment with CDP choline (1000 mg/day) for 30 days reduced histamine levels which, in Alzheimer’s patients, may have positive impact on the progression of the disease.
Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 1994 May;16(4):27984.
CDPcholine induced blood histamine changes in Alzheimer's disease.
Fernandez-Novoa L, Alvarez XA, FrancoMaside A, Caamano J, Cacabelos R.
QUERCETIN
Animal Study
6. Daily treatment with quercetin (25-100 mg per kilogram body weight) and apigenin (5 to 20 mg per kilogram body weight) improved memory retention and improved cognitive functioning in mice with animal Alzheimer’s disease.
Pharmacology. 2003 Oct;69(2):59-67.
Protective Effect of Flavonoids against Aging- and Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Cognitive Impairment in Mice.
Patil CS, Singh VP, Satyanarayan PS, Jain NK, Singh A, Kulkarni SK.
VITAMIN B1/THIAMINE
7. Daily treatment with thiamine (100 mg/day) for 12 weeks improved emotional, mental and intellectual functioning in Alzheimer’s patients without side effects.
Metab Brain Dis. 1996 Mar;11(1):89-94.
Thiamine therapy in Alzheimer's disease.
Mimori Y, Katsuoka H, Nakamura S.
PMID: 8815393
8. Daily treatment with thiamine (3000 to 8000 mg/day) may have a beneficial effect on Alzheimer’s related dementia.
J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol. 1993 Oct-Dec;6(4):222-9.
Preliminary findings of high-dose thiamine in dementia of Alzheimer's type.
Meador K, Loring D, Nichols M, Zamrini E, Rivner M, Posas H, Thompson E, Moore E.
PMID: 8251051
VITAMIN E/TOCOTRIENOL
9. Daily doses of vitamin E, (2000 IU/day) is an effective antioxidant and has a beneficial effect on Alzheimer’s disease.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1999 Nov;70(5):793-801.
Comment in:
Am J Clin Nutr. 2000 Jul;72(1):201-3.
High doses of vitamin E in the treatment of disorders of the central nervous system in the aged.
Vatassery GT, Bauer T, Dysken M.
PMID: 10539737 |
